Abangane abashayelayo, ikakhulukazi abantu abasha, bangase babe nendawo ethambile yezimoto zohlobo lwe-turbo.Injini ye-turbo ene-displacement encane namandla aphezulu ayigcini nje ngokuletha amandla anele, kodwa futhi ilawula ukukhishwa kwe-exhaust kahle.Ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokungashintshi ivolumu yokukhipha umoya, i-turbocharger isetshenziselwa ukukhulisa umthamo womoya wenjini futhi ithuthukise amandla enjini.Injini engu-1.6T inamandla aphakeme kakhulu kunenjini engu-2.0 eshiwo ngokwemvelo, kodwa isebenzisa uphethiloli kancane.
Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zamandla anele, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo nokonga amandla, ukungalungi nakho kusobala, njengesenzakalo sokushiswa kwamafutha enjini okubikwe ngabasebenzisi abaningi bezimoto.Abanikazi abaningi bezimoto ze-turbo banezinkinga ezinjalo.Ezinye ezibucayi zingadla ngaphezu kwe-1 litre lamafutha cishe amakhilomitha angu-1,000.Ngokuphambene, lokhu akuvamile ukuba kube njalo ngezinjini ezishibhile ngokwemvelo.Kungani kunjalo?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezinto zokwakha injini yezimoto, insimbi eyinsimbi ne-aluminium alloy, ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nokubi.Nakuba injini ye-cast iron inezinga lokunweba elincane, iyasinda, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kokukhipha ukushisa kubi kakhulu kunokwenjini ye-aluminium alloy.Nakuba injini ye-aluminium ingxubevange inesisindo esincane futhi inokuguquguquka okuhle kokushisa kanye nokukhipha ukushisa, i-coefficient yayo yokunweba iphakeme kunaleyo yezinto ezisansimbi ezisansimbi.Namuhla, izinjini eziningi zisebenzisa i-aluminium alloy cylinder blocks nezinye izakhi, ezidinga ukuthi ezinye izikhala zigcinwe phakathi kwezingxenye ngesikhathi sokuklama kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza, njengaphakathi kwepiston nesilinda, ukuze kugwenywe ukuphuma kwezingxenye ngenxa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu umonakalo wokunwetshwa.
I-cylinder ehambisanayo imvume phakathi kwe-piston yenjini nesilinda iyipharamitha yobuchwepheshe ebaluleke kakhulu.Izinjini zamamodeli ahlukene, ikakhulukazi izinjini zesimanje ezithuthukisiwe, zinezikhala ezihlukene phakathi kwamapiston namasilinda ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo ezihlukene, izinto zokwakha kanye neminye imingcele yobuchwepheshe.Lapho injini iqala, lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi nezinga lokushisa lenjini kusesephansi ngokuqhathaniswa, ingxenye encane kawoyela iyogelezela ekamelweni elivuthayo ngokusebenzisa lezi zikhala, okuyobangela ukuba amafutha ashiswe.
I-turbocharger yakhiwa ikakhulukazi isondo lepompo kanye ne-turbine, kanye nezinye izici zokulawula.Isondo lepompo kanye ne-turbine kuxhunywe i-shaft, okungukuthi, i-rotor.Igesi ephuma enjinini ishayela isondo lepompo, futhi isondo lepompo lishayela i-turbine ukuze lijikeleze.Ngemuva kokuthi i-turbine ijikeleza, uhlelo lokuthatha luyacindezelwa.Ijubane elijikelezayo le-rotor liphezulu kakhulu, elingafinyelela amakhulu ezinkulungwane zama-revolutions ngomzuzu.Isivinini esinjalo esijikelezayo senza i-roller enaliti evamile noma ama-ball bearings angakwazi ukusebenza.Ngakho-ke, ama-turbocharger ngokuvamile asebenzisa ama-bearings agcwele antantayo, agcotshiwe futhi apholile.
Ukuze unciphise ukungqubuzana futhi uqinisekise ukusebenza kwe-turbine ngesivinini esikhulu, uphawu lwamafutha okugcoba lwale ngxenye akufanele luqine kakhulu, ngakho-ke inani elincane lamafutha lizongena ku-turbine emikhawulweni yomibili ngokusebenzisa uphawu lwamafutha, bese lingena. ipayipi lokungenisa kanye nepayipi lokukhipha.Lokhu kuvulwa kwepayipi lokungena lezimoto ezine-turbocharged.Imbangela yamafutha emvelo yatholakala kamuva.Ukuqina kwe-oil seal ye-turbocharger yezimoto ezahlukene kuhlukile, futhi inani lokuvuza kwamafutha lihlukile, okuholela ekushisweni kwamanani ahlukene.
Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi i-turbocharger yimbi.Phela, ukusungulwa kwe-turbocharger kunciphisa kakhulu ivolumu nesisindo senjini ngamandla afanayo, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komlilo kaphethiloli, kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli futhi kunciphise ukukhishwa.Ukuze iqhubeke nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwemoto isibeke isisekelo esingenakucimeka.Kungashiwo ukuthi ukusungulwa kwayo kunokubaluleka kwenkathi futhi kuyingqophamlando yokuthi izimoto zanamuhla ezisebenza kahle zingene kubasebenzisi abajwayelekile basekhaya.
Indlela yokugwema nokunciphisa isenzakalo samafutha avuthayo?
Imikhuba embalwa elandelayo emihle kakhulu!engenamandla!
Khetha Izithambisi Ezisezingeni Eliphezulu
Ngokuvamile, i-turbocharger izoqala lapho isivinini senjini sifinyelela ku-3500 rpm, futhi sizokhula ngokushesha kuze kufike ku-6000 rpm.Uma ijubane lenjini liphakeme, kudingeka amandla okumelana ne-shear kawoyela.Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho amandla okugcoba amafutha anganciphisi ngesivinini esikhulu.Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha uwoyela wenjini, kufanele ukhethe uwoyela wenjini yekhwalithi ephezulu, njengamafutha enjini yokwenziwa esezingeni eliphezulu.
Ukushintsha uwoyela okuvamile nokugcinwa njalo
Eqinisweni, inombolo enkulu yezimoto ze-turbo zishisa amafutha ngenxa yokuthi umnikazi akazange ashintshe amafutha ngesikhathi, noma usebenzise amafutha angaphansi, okubangele ukuthi i-shaft main entantayo ye-turbine ingagcobi futhi ikhiphe ukushisa ngokujwayelekile.Isigxivizo sonakalisiwe, sibangela ukuvuza kwamafutha.Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokulungiswa, kufanele sinake ukuhlola i-turbocharger.Kubandakanya ukucinana kweringi yokuvala i-turbocharger, noma ngabe kukhona ukuvuza kukawoyela epayipini likawoyela wokugcoba nasemajoyintini, noma ngabe kunomsindo ongavamile nokudlidliza okungavamile kwe-turbocharger, njll.
Thatha izinyathelo zokuphepha futhi uhlole i-dipstick yamafutha njalo
Uma usola ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela kwemoto yakho akujwayelekile, kufanele uhlole i-dipstick kawoyela njalo.Uma ubheka, misa imoto kuqala, qinisa ibhuleki lesandla, bese ukhanyisa injini.Lapho injini yemoto ifinyelela izinga lokushisa elivamile lokusebenza, cisha injini bese ulinda imizuzu embalwa, ukuze amafutha akwazi ukugeleza abuyele epanini likawoyela.Khipha i-oil dipstick uma amafutha eseshiyiwe, asule ahlanzeke uwafake, aphinde awukhiphe abheke izinga lamafutha, uma ephakathi kwezimpawu ezingezansi kwe-oil dipstick, kusho amafutha. izinga lijwayelekile.Uma ingaphansi kophawu, kusho ukuthi inani lamafutha enjini liphansi kakhulu, futhi uma amafutha eningi kakhulu, inani lamafutha enjini liyoba ngaphezu kophawu.
Gcina i-turbocharger ihlanzekile
Idizayini ye-turbo kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza inembile, futhi indawo yokusebenza inokhahlo.Ngakho-ke, inezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokuhlanza nokuvikelwa kwamafutha okugcoba, futhi noma yikuphi ukungcola kuzodala umonakalo omkhulu wokungqubuzana ezingxenyeni.Igebe elihambisanayo phakathi kwe-shaft ejikelezayo kanye nomkhono we-shaft we-turbocharger lincane kakhulu, uma amandla okugcoba amafutha okugcoba ehla, i-turbocharger izochithwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.Okwesibili, kuyadingeka ukuhlanza noma ukufaka esikhundleni isihlungi somoya ngesikhathi ukuze uvimbele ukungcola okunjengothuli ukuthi lungangeni kumshini we-supercharger ojikelezayo onesivinini esikhulu.
Ukuqala okunensayo nokusheshisa okunensayo
Lapho imoto ebandayo iqala, izingxenye ezihlukahlukene azigcotshwa ngokugcwele.Ngalesi sikhathi, uma i-turbocharger iqala, izokwandisa ithuba lokugqoka.Ngakho-ke, ngemva kokuqala imoto, imoto ye-turbo ayikwazi ukunyathela i-accelerator pedal ngokushesha.Kufanele isebenze ngesivinini esingenzi lutho imizuzu engu-3 ~ 5 kuqala, ukuze iphampu kawoyela ibe nesikhathi esanele sokuletha amafutha ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene ze-turbocharger.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokushisa lamafutha likhuphuka kancane futhi i-fluidity ingcono, ukuze i-turbocharger ifakwe ngokugcwele..
Isikhathi sokuthumela: 08-03-23