Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-turbocharging
Ubuchwepheshe be-Turbocharging baqale bahlongozwa u-Posey, unjiniyela wase-Switzerland, futhi wafaka isicelo selungelo lobunikazi "lobuchwepheshe be-supercharger obuyizinjini evuthayo".Inhloso yokuqala yalobu buchwepheshe yayizosetshenziswa ezindizeni nasemathangini kwaze kwaba ngu-1961. , iGeneral Motors yase-United States, yaqala ukuzama ukufaka i-turbocharger kumodeli yakwaChevrolet, kodwa ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obulinganiselwe ngaleso sikhathi, babebaningi. izinkinga, futhi ayizange ikhuthazwe kabanzi.
Ngawo-1970 kwaphuma i-Porsche 911 enenjini ye-turbocharged, okwaba yinguquko ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe be-turbocharging.Kamuva, i-Saab yathuthukisa ubuchwepheshe be-turbocharging, ukuze lobu buchwepheshe busetshenziswe kabanzi.
Umgomo we-turbocharging
Umgomo wobuchwepheshe be-turbocharging ulula kakhulu, okuwukusebenzisa igesi ephumayo ekhishwa enjini ukusunduza i-impeller ukukhiqiza amandla, ukushayela i-coaxial intake turbine, nokucindezela umoya ongena kusilinda, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise amandla kanye ne-torque injini.
Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, kube ne-electronic turbine, okuwukushayela i-compressor yomoya ngemoto.Zombili zinesimiso esifanayo empeleni, zombili ezokucindezela umoya, kodwa uhlobo lwe-supercharging luhlukile.
Ngokuduma kobuchwepheshe be-turbocharging, abanye abantu bangase bacabange ukuthi uma i-turbocharger iphukile, izophazamisa kuphela umthamo womoya wenjini.Ingabe ingasetshenziswa njengenjini efiselekayo ngokwemvelo?
Ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa njengenjini ezisebenza yona
Ngokombono wemishini, kubonakala kungenzeka.Kodwa empeleni, lapho i-turbocharger ihluleka, yonke injini izothinteka kakhulu.Ngoba kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwenjini ene-turbocharged kanye nenjini efisa ngokwemvelo.
Isibonelo, ukuze ucindezelwe ukushayeka kwezinjini ezine-turbocharged, isilinganiso sokucindezela ngokuvamile siphakathi kuka-9:1 no-10:1.Ukuze ucindezele amandla kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka, isilinganiso sokuminyanisa sezinjini ezishibhile ngokwemvelo singaphezu kuka-11:1, okuholela kokuthi Izinjini ezimbili zihluke ngokubeka ama-valve, i-valve overlap angle, i-logic yokulawula injini, ngisho nokuma kwamaphistoni.
Kufana nomuntu ophethwe umkhuhlane omubi kanti nekhala lakhe aliphumi umoya.Nakuba ekwazi ukugcina ukuphefumula, kusazophatheka kabi kakhulu.Uma i-turbocharger inokwehluleka okuhlukile, umthelela wenjini ungaba mkhulu noma ube mncane.
Izimpawu Zokuhluleka Kwe-Turbine
Izimpawu ezisobala kakhulu ukwehla kwamandla emoto, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, ukushiswa kukawoyela, intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma intuthu emnyama evela epayipini le-exhaust, umsindo ongavamile noma umsindo onzima lapho ugijima ngesivinini noma uvala i-accelerator.Ngakho-ke, uma i-turbocharger isiphukile, akumele isetshenziswe njengenjini ezisebenza yona.
Uhlobo Lokuhluleka Kwe-Turbine
Kunezizathu eziningi zokwehluleka kwe-turbocharger, engahlukaniswa cishe ngezigaba ezi-3.
1. Kunenkinga ngokusebenza kokuvala, okufana ne-impeller shaft seal empofu, i-air duct eyonakele, ukuguga nokuguga kwe-oil seal, njll. Uma izinkinga ezinjalo zenzeka, injini iyaqhubeka nokusebenza, okungeyona inkinga enkulu, kodwa kuzoholela ekwandeni kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, uwoyela ovuthayo, nokushayela isikhathi eside , ngisho nokwanda kwe-carbon deposition, okubangela injini ukuba idonse isilinda.
2. Uhlobo lwesibili lwenkinga ukuvaleka.Isibonelo, uma ipayipi lokujikeleza kwegesi ekhishwayo livinjiwe, ukungenisa kanye nokukhipha umoya wenjini kuzothinteka, futhi amandla nawo azothinteka kakhulu;
3. Uhlobo lwesithathu ukuhluleka kwemishini.Isibonelo, i-impeller iphukile, ipayipi ilimele, njll, okungase kubangele ukuthi ezinye izinto zangaphandle zingene enjini, futhi mhlawumbe injini izochithwa ngokuqondile.
Impilo ye-Turbocharger
Eqinisweni, ubuchwepheshe bamanje be-turbocharging bungaqinisekisa ngokuyisisekelo impilo yesevisi efanayo neyenjini.I-turbo nayo incike kakhulu emafutheni ukuze igcobe futhi ikhiphe ukushisa.Ngakho-ke, kumamodeli ane-turbocharged, inqobo nje uma unaka ukukhethwa kanye nekhwalithi yamafutha ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwemoto, ngokuyisisekelo ukwehluleka okukhulu akuvamile.
Uma uhlangabezana nomonakalo ngempela, ungaqhubeka nokushayela ngesivinini esiphansi esingaphansi kuka-1500 rpm, zama ukugwema ukungenelela kwe-turbo, futhi uye esitolo sokukhanda sochwepheshe ukuze ulungiswe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: 29-06-22